Skimmer-scoop assembly



may S, 1925. 1,536,390

R. R. DowNu-z SKIMER SCOOP' ASSEMBLY med June 27, 1921 2 Sheets-shea@ 1y [um o' Q Patented May 5, 192.5.,

UNITED STATES Parser worries,

HUBERT REX DOWNIE, UF BEAVER FALLS, PENNSYLVANIA, -ASSIGN01R-T KEYSTO'lilE ptLLm CD'MPANY, QF BEAVER FALLS. PENNSYLVAMM, .llt CRPORATXN 0F PENNSYLVANIA.

SEIMMEReSCOOP ASSEMBLY.

Application ledpll'une 27, 1921. Serial No, 480.717.

To all whom, 1 may concern.'

Be it known that L Roen'r R. Dowme, a citizen of the United States, residing at 'Beaver Falls, in the county. of Beaver and State oi' Pennsylvanie, have invented new and usei'ullmp'ro vements in Skimmer-Scoop Assemblies, ot' which the following is a speci ication.

This invention has reference to excavating machine scoop assemblies-of the-type known as skimmer scoops, whereinthe scoop body is vsustained by bailsA orihangers u pon a boom, alongy which the scoop travels, one ot' the hails or hangers being forward of the other in the direction of travel of the scoop. (lne improvement consists in arranging or locating the more forward bail or hanger above 'a point at or about midway ot the length ot the scoop. This is because the digging edge of the scoop must project a distance beyond the end of the boom, when the forward rollers used to sustain the scoop on the boom, have reached the forward limit of theirtravel, in orderthat the scoop may, at eaclrthrust, take up material to and beyond the end of the boom, which material would otherwise interfere with the lowering ot the boom for the `next thrust et the scoop. Moreover, the front bail must comprise a crosswise part immediately beneath the boom, and since such partI necessarily intervfercs to some extent' withthe passage ot' material, the. bail should be placed as far toward the rear as possible in order that it may interfere to only a minimum extent with the total amount o material taken into thescoop While at the same time providing ample support. y

In this median position the front bail is subjected to a particularly great strain in both instances, that is,when the mere weight of the' scoopan'dgload is supported Aby the boom almost' the entire yweight falls upon the front bail, and when, in the operation of digging, the scoop, at some point in its forward travel strikes an obstnclevtoo hard or too toughto be out ythrough'by the teeth of .thescoop and too solidly eii'ibedded to be dislodged by a straight or horizontal crowding thereotl by the scoop, it becomes neces ,sary to ergert a lifting; tiorceupon the obstaele to uproot it., :in such case the upward vertical strain exerted by the teeth equals the upward strain on the rear hangers and the sum of these equals the downward strain upon the front bail. It is apparent that the front bail never' receives less than abouty twice the strain exerted on the rear hanger, and if the strain transmitted to the front bail were delivered to the boom at one point onlyv of its length., it would require boom members of twice the flange strength and somewhat greaterum bending strength than would be necessary it' the strainvere distributed and delivered atl-wo points spaced apart. i

To insure economy in the weight of the boom members the invention contemplates.

the use of an equalizing carrier whereby the strain transmitted by the iront bail is delivered to the carrier through a bolt 0,11 which the carrier :is support/edequidistantly from itsends and is :tree torrock, the strain being; distributed evenly to the front and rear rollers provided on the carrier.

"l`he invention also contemplates a lead adjustment to direct the cutting; edge ot' the scoop so that it will enter and divide the material at a predetermined plane. ln the excavation "et hard inatcirial, that which is loosened by the teeth. and broken up thereby furnishes less resistance to the upper surface ot therteeth than the compact and undisturbed material beneath the teeth turn nislies to the lower surface of the teeth. 'lthereb is, therefore, a tendency' to 'deflect the cutting` edge upwardly from its true or ldesired plane of travel. As an oiset to this tendency the scoop is given a lead or down-V ward tilt with respect to its line of travel. These tendencies vary with the sharpness or dullness ot Ithe teeth and the resistance to penetrability of the material upon which the teeth act, and they also vary from timeto timey and in accordance with the degree of lead, so that with the lead constant the scoop might be ineiiicicut at one time and out too deeply at another time.

ln the present, inventions thev adjustments for llead are made at e point 'et the scoop which receives minimum strain? resulting in durability oi the 'weil es ease of manipulation The invention will best en .mmood Laarne l lll) sel

Mill

if tracks (Fig. 4). There'is also digging teeth from a consideration of the following detailed description taken in connection with the accompanying drawings, forming part at this speciiication, with the, understanding, however, that the invention is not confined any strict conformitywith the showing the drawings, but may be changed and diied, so long as such changes and modi- 'tions mark no material departure from the salient featuresiof the invention, as exnpressed in the appended claims.

an the drawings:

Fig. 1 is a side elevation of a skimmer scoop constructed and supported in accordance with the invention.

ig. 2 is a plan view of the scoop, but omitting the boom.

ilig. 3 is a longitudinal vertical section of skimmer scoop, showingr the boom in oofted lines, and also showing the bottoni of the scoop in dotted lines 1n open posi- ,tion

thebooin in .cross section.

ig. Il is a rear elevation of the scoop,

l l1 ie'. 5 is a detail section of a portion of 'the latch structure for thc bottom of the sc on.

Fig. ti is a detail section ot' an adjustable stop device employed in the scoop.

leierring to -the drawings, there is shown a boom 1, preferably of the double cliannel type eoinn'ion in excavating machines consistihg ot' two Lbeai'ns connected together, the outer flanges of the beams forming shown a scoop 2, of' the construction known as a skimmer scoop, because of the fact that the-scoop is so made. that it may be drawnf along a surface and exeavate to relative-ly small depth -at each stroke, say from 3 to 8 inches 1n depth with the scoop traveling approxi mately parallel with the ground and entering o far enough into the ground to gather a load, the operation being known as skimming.

The scoop 2 comprises sidesI 3and a back rising to a suitable height and usually in one piece with-the sides, while the front end ot the scoop is open and is provided with 5, appropriately shaped for gnrpose. Ordinarily the teeth 5 ar\A ated to the under face ol the bottoni ot` the scoop, which bottoni is indicated al'. (l,v

ae-d the teeth are widened toward their Afront r earth-entering ends, and are brought to L ve a tapering top i'ace 7": '\t the mouth rear end ot the scoop 1.

arp edge or point?, and` l'in'therinore,-

the scoop are side shearing teeth 8 pro When the bottoni swings down' wardly on its pivot, the teeth at the front project upwardly as shown in Figure 2?.

Joining the sides 3, about midway of the length of the scoop and above the sides, is a bail 10, having drop ends 11 riveted or otherwise secured to the sides of the scoop, and between'its ends carrying brackets, also riveted or otherwise secured to the bail. Each bracket is formed with a hub ltl, to which there is secured a rocker arm ll, by mean-s of a bolt 15, or other appropriate. attaching device, which may also serve as a pivot. ,At opposite ends of each rocker arm there are secured journal bolts 16, cach carrying a roller 17, adapted to niove along and in a respective channel in the boom l, The rocker arms niay be termed as carriers for the pairs of rollers. l I

The rear end of each rocker arm 14 is connected by the bolt 16 to one end of a link 18 extending beyond the back ot the scoop and each link is connected by a pivot bolt 19 to the -uppcr end of a hanger 20, the lower end of each of' which is pivoted by a bolt 21, to a respective bracket 2&2, said brackets being spaced apart and inade iast to the Each bolt 1) carriesa roller 23, similar to and inlongitudinal alineinent with the rollers 17 on the saine side of' the hoorn. ily this arrangement there are provided three rollers disposed in longitudinal alineinent and in cngageinent with the outer flanges ol' the boom at opposite sides.

At the back of the scoop a latch 24: is pendantly. hung from a pivot pin Q5, and the lower end of the latch 2li is formed with a Y tooth Q6 to be engaged by a keeper Q7 fast on the rear end ofthe scoop bottom (i. The bracket` has a series of holes 28 through any one ot which the bolt 2l may be passed for the purpose ot adjusting the lead or downward slant ol the scoop.

'l`he latch lever Q4, is lcontrolled by a cani 21), inounled on a shaft Si), with which it is constrained to move. rl`he shaft 30 is journaled at one end in a bracket 3l fast to the back ol the scoop and continued through another bracket 32 beyond which the sha't't is bent so as to rise, i'orming an arin, as shown at ll, to a high point at the back ot the 'scoop where it receives a link or eye ill, carried to a'point of control which may be on or to one side oli' the excavating machine carryingr boom l. 'l'he shalt il@ carries a .loose collar fifi, having a notch 3T therein lo receive a pin 35% on the shaft 530. while a spring il!) is wound about the shalt 3U. Vyieldingly holding the collar BG against the pin. 51S, whereby a pull on the c ve 3i in one direction will cause the cam Q9 to rotate to release the latch keeper 2G and will perniit the return of thc cam to its first position when the pull on the eye 3ft is ceased.

'lhe spring) exerts a torsional strain llO upon the's'haft 30 maintaining thecam and arml Dnormally `in uprightposition. i Also there is ,a slight compressiwpn strain in the spring 39 which keeps theeollar 36 engaged with the pin 3S. The collar fitsv the shaft oosely and being preferably hexagonal in form itmay be turned b a wrench.` It has a pair of notches 317', eaci notch having one square shoulder and one sloping shoulder lo that when the collar is turned 1n a direction to tighten the spring` 39 the collar autoi. provided with ac series of removable washers r engaged.

two hails or hangers carrying the scoop lo-y 4l, whereby the projection of the stop f1() may be controlledat will. (Fig. 6). A leaf spring 42 is carried by the back of the scoop in position to bear upon the latch arm 2i,l

and4 thus yieldinglylold it toward engag ine relation tothe keeper 27. The latch A 24 being hung from the' pin 25 contacts with `the stop, which is made adjustable, as be-` forestated, in order to adjust the `extent 'of engagement of thelatch with the keeper. In order to actuate the seno along the boom, a line 43 isconnected to t 1e back 4 of the sooo i and carried forwardly to the front end of the boom l. where it is directed backwardtx about a sheave 44 on the boom and may proceed from thence toa winding drum on the excavating machine, (not shown).

When the skimmer.scoop is installed, the hangers 2() areadjusted to permit the rear end of the scoop to be raised or dropped about the pivot bolts. l5, thus correspondingly varying the lead ofA the equalizing roll'carriers and the angle at which the teeth 5 are presented to the earth tobe With the foremost ione of the cated abo've a point about midway ot the length of the scoop, the angle atwhich the teeth 5 engage the dirt is established, but :may be changed from time to time about the pivot lolts l5 by `engaging the bolts 2l vin some one of the holes 28. This is a light and simple operationtas the scoop is nearlybalanced upon the pivot bolts 15, and the bolts 21 do not require a snug fit, since afsmallamolmt of play isvnot objectionable at a point so far rmuorcd from the main pivot support of the scoop. The for- `ward roll carriers being mounted as shown in Figure ,1, the digging edge ot' the scoop will projectie distance beyond the outerend of the boom at the forward limit otits travel, thus causing the scoop to take up at each thrust material. beyond the end ofthe boom, for otherwise suclrmaterial would interfere with the lowering of the boom for the nent thrust of the scoop.A This also per mitsas little interference as possible by the total-amount of material taken into the scoop. 1 In practice the scoop is given a lead or downward tilt With respect toits line of travel.

In order to raise and lower the boom, a hoisting line 45 coming from the excavating machine is provided and this line is carried abut a sheave 46 mounted in supports 4'( carried by the boom. Y

In this style of scoop, the bottom is not closed positively but by a quick movement of the scoop' body which causes the bottom to swing up about its axis 9 with a p'endulum-like motion. The latch must be very quick acting in order to secure the bottom before it can rebound from its closed position. The use of the cam release permits the latch to move independently of andan hampered by the releasing mechanism.

A pull upon the dump rope attached to the link 34 overcomes the pressure of springs 39land 42, oscillates the cam 39 foreng the latch 2l to swing outwardly upon 'its pivot 25, disenga'ging the latch keeper.

26 so that the bottom of the scoop swings downwardly discharging the material. The dump'rope is then slackened and the action of springs 39 and 42 bring the arm` cam and latch to their normal vertical positions. 'By a quick shifting of the position of the rscoop, the bottom is'made to swing upwardly automatically engaging the latch and closing the scoop.

No claim is made herein for the latch releasing mechanism. as it has been made the subject of a divisional` application which has eventuated in Patent No. l,ll,ll4, dated October 7, 1924. A

' lVliat is claimed is l. In an excavating machine, a boom, a scoop, and carrying means for the scoop adapted to more along the boom and con prising a plurality ot' connected carrying` rollers, additional rollers spaced from and connected to thelfirst named rollers and associated with the boom, all of said rollersl adapted to move along the boom and comprisingl a plurality of connectedcarryingrollers, additlonal rollers'spaced from and connected to the first named rollers and as-' Y 4sociated with theboom, all ofsaifl rollers `beingarranged in two rows on respectivel)7 opposite sides of the boom, a pivotal con nection between the forward part of the scoop and the connected carrying rollers, and an adjustable means connecting the rear end of the scoop to the-said additional rollers. l

3, ln an excavating machine, a boom, a skimmer scoop supported, by and movable lengthwise of the boom, and carrying rollers for the scoop on opposite sides oil anti engaging the boom, eertainol the rollers being connected in two pairs on opposite sides o'l' the mid-length. o1 the scoop, and other rollers spaced from and connected by links to the pairs of rollers and more distant l'roin the 'lront end of they scoop than the pairs olf rollers, and movable on the hoorn substantially above the rear end ol' the scoop anti connected thereto, the latter hanging at the rear ,li-oni the said other rollers.

ll., ln an exeafating machine, a boom, a skimmer scoop supported by ami niovahle lengthwise ol the hooln, and carrying rollers for the .scoop on opposite .sides ot anni enn gagging the booni, certain oi the rollers being arranja'erl .in two pairs on opposte siiles of the niitllengrth ot' the seoop, and other rollers connected by links to the pairsl of rollers and more distant from the l'ront entl ot the sooo) than the pairs of rollers, saitl other rol ers being connected to therear ol the scoop, eaehpair of rollers haring' a roeltable carrier arranged lengthwise of the travel of the scoop alone; the hoorn.

Fa ln an excavating niaehine, a booin ot' the (loable channel type, a shinnnmseoop associated with the boom to more ther ailong, a bail extending crosswlse of the seoop sahstantially midway of the length ot' the scoop,

. a pair of. rollers anil a roeltable carrier there- Cel l'or on each sitle of the boom and sustained thereby, a connection between the bail and the carrier, and a lhirtl roller on each side oi and sustained by the boom nnfl located to the rear of the fiizst-nanie l rollers all of said rollers engaging within the channels of said boom and joined together to move as a unit.

(i. n an exearaiine machine, a boom, a

skimmer scoop ailapterl to travel along the boom, a bail Conner-.ted to and extending crosswise of the scoop substantially midway of ehe length thereof, a pair of rollers on each side of the boom and sustained there, y, a carrier for the rollers. a pivotal support hetwf'een each carrier vantl the hail,l another roller on each eitle of and sustained by the boom and located to the rear of the carrier,

and means directly Connecting the last-men` tionetl roller to the carrier in the horizontal plane of the latter.

7. In an excavating machine, a boom. a .shimmer feoop adapted to travel along Jthe hoom, a hail extending; erosswise of the scoop substantially midway ot. the length thereof, a pair of rollers on each side of the boom antl sustained thereby. a earrier for thel rollers. a pivotal support between eat-l1 carrier and the bail, another roller on each side `nation of a hoorn, a scoor of and sustained oy the boom and located .to the rear of the carrier, means directly between the carrier and the bail and a third Lroller an each side of and sustained by the boom and located to the rear of the tiratnarned rollers, and a link connection between each pair of rollers and the single roller to the rear thereof,

l). ln an excavating machine, a boom, a shinnner scoop adapted to travel along the hoorn, a bail extentline,v crosswise of the scoop substantially midway of the length thereof, a pair of rollers on each side of the boom :ont sustained thereby, a carrier for the rolla pivotal support. between each carrier and. the bail, another roller to the rear of the earrier. a link connecting each carrier and sait! other roller to therear thereof, and

a hanger between eaeh ol the. rearniost roll'- ers'alnl the rear portion ol' tin' snoop.

roi la ai; exeavaiiw machine, a boom, a shimmer woop adapten to travel along the boom` a bail extendingy crosswise of the seoep substantially midway or' the length thereof, a pair of rollers on each side of the boon: anti sustained thereby. a carrier 'for each pair of rollers, a pivotal support between eaeh larrier and the Daihanother roller to tbe rear ol' each carrier, means conneeting;l the rear roller to the carrier. a hang-er between eaeh of the .rearrnost rollers antl the rear portion of the scoop. and ail instable onnections between each hanger and the rearniost portion of the seoop. whereby the lead of the forward end of the scoop may loe changed.

1l. In an exeainitinefr machine, the combirollers supported of the hoorn. arranged and by and movable lengthwise certain oi: the rollers being:

.Connected in pairs on opposite sides ot the boom, means for pivotall.' eonnertine said rollers to the. scoop in adraneero'l th'e rear end of the leiter, and other rollersarrangefl singly at: each stile and flexibly connected to each pair anti. adjnstaoly connected. to the rear end of the scoop. all of said rollers harling'connection with the scoop so that. the

scoop hangs from the rollers at each sitle.

12. In 'an excavating machine. a boom. a skimmer scoop adapted to travel alom: the boom. a bail extending' crosswise of the seoop substantially midway of the length thereof, a pair of rollers on eac-h side of the boom and sustained thereby, a carrier 'forl lllll meoleeo each pair of rollers, a pivotal 'support between each. carrier and the bail, another roller to the rear of each carrier, a link connecting each carrier and said other roller to ille rear of the carrie, a hanger between each olE the rearinost rollers and the rear portion ol the scoop. and.l adjustable connections'be- 'tween each hanger 4and 'the rearinost portion ot the scoop. whereby the lead ot' the forward end of the scoop may be changed.

1.3. ln an encavatinog.inachine,l a channel boom. a. scoopy supported 'ov and movable` lengthwise ot the boom, and sin carrying rollers for the scoop. three on each side ot and runningn in thechannels or the boom. two ot' the rollers n each side being: connected. by a carrier` and the third roller on each side being each llexibljv connected to each of said carriers. hanging; means con nectingl the third pair rollers with the rearoif the scoop, and an independent han@ ino; means connecting the ycarriers to the scoop forwardly of the rear connection.

lll. ln an excavating machine, a boom. a scoop supported by and movable lengthwise of the boom., and sin carrying rollers 'for su lino' the sooop troni the hoorn.l

three on ch side of and engaging' the boom, means for connectors a pair el the rollers on veach side; hanging means pivotallv connected to said connecting means between the individual rollers ot each pair, said hanging ineens being secnred to the scoop, ilegible connections between said connecting means and the third pair ezt rollers, and a rear hanging ineens connecting,r the third pair of rollers with the rear endet the scoop.

l5. lfn an excavating machine, a boom. o. scoop supported bv and movable lengthwise of the boom. and sin carrying rollers for suspending the scoop troni the boom, three on each side ot and engaging the boom,i the rollers on each side beinrf in substantial alinenienl; longitudinally and 'the rollers on opposite 'sides beine; in substantial transverse alincinent. a carrier connectingr the torward pair oli rollers on each side so that thev move together, a hanging means connectingr the forward part of the scoor) to said carriers. a linkv connection at each side between said. carriers and the third roller, hanging: means between the third rollers and the rear cnil oi the scoop. l

lil. ln an excavating! machine. a boom. a

scoop Supported ov and movable lengthwise ol" the boom` and six carrji'inp; rollers for f'iu=.penfli1i, rv the scoop from the boom, three' on each side of andengaginir the boom, two ot the rollers on -each side beinef connected by a carrier, and the third roller on each side being.If each Eenibljv connected to each of said carriers, hangingrneans connecting! the third pair olf rollers with the rear of thel scoop. and an independent hangingmeans pivoled to each `carrier between the rollers,

and rigidly connected to the scoop forwardly of the rear connection of the rear hangin'for means.

17. lli/an excavating machine. a boom. a scoop supported by and movable lengthwise of the boom, and 'sixcarrying'rollers 'for suspending.1r the scoop from the boom, three on each side of and engaging the boom, the rollers on each side being in substantial alinement longitudinally and the rollers 'on opposite sides being in substantial transverse alinement, a carrier connectingr the forward pair oi rollers on each side so that they move together, a hanging meansmiizidlv connected to the forward part of the scoop and pirotallv connected to said carriers, a lii'ilr connection at each side between said carriers and, the third roller, and other 'hangingl means between the third rollers and the rear end ot the scoop, said hanging; means `For tlievthird rollers being adjiustably connected to the scoop. wherebv the lead or slant ot thescoop may be adjusted. the scoop turning' on the `forward pivotal connection provided between the forward hangin, r 'means and said carriers.

18. ln an excavating machine, a boom, a

skimmer scoop provided with a dumpingboltom pivotcd to the scoop ona transverse axis adjacent to the forward end ot the scoop and there provided with eartheentering teeth, means travelling,lr alongf the boom and connected to the scoop at the rear and also forwardly thereof, the rear connection being vertically adjustable and the forward oonnection including' a pivot upon which the scoop turns, whereby the lead or downward tilt ot the scoop niav be adjusted.

19. In an excavating machine,1 a boom, a skimmer scoop, a bail exizending` crosswise of the scoop substantially midway of the length thereof, means travelling lengthwise on the hooi-n, pivotal means connecting the bail to said travelling means. and a hanger also connected with said travelling' means and adjusl-ablv connected with the rear porn tion ot the scoop. whereby the scoop may be tilted downwardly on its pivot and held in snch position by the adjustment of the said hanger.

Q0. ln an excavating' machine, a skimmer scoop provided with a durrnoinglr bottom, a boom carrying and guiding the scoop. means traveling along the boom, rockable sustaining means for the mid-portion of the scoop. and up-and-down adjustable means for the rear end of the scoop, said -rockable means anda said adjustable means being connected to said traveling means.

2l. loan ercavatinor machine, a boom of the doublel channel type. a scoop having* a dumping bottom pivoted'to the forward end of the scoop and there .provided with earthenterino' teeth, and six carrying rollers for suspending the scoop from the boom, three rollers on each side and runningr in the roller at each side ls Qonneeed io the vom channels of the boom, all'of sald rollers of the-scoop.

being connected to move as a unit along the In testimony, tlif 'l'. claim ille foregoxzg l boom, a pair of the rollers at each sile as my own, have hereto nlxe'd my 5,3.;,5-

-' being connected to the scoop foward of the nature.

rear end of the scoop butin rear of the pivot of the dumping bottom, While the third ROBERT REX DO'WNE. 

